Nestled in the Sahyadri mountain range on the western edge of Chandoli National Park, Prachitgad Fort stands as a symbol of historical and architectural significance. Although largely forgotten, this fort reflects a rich history dating back to the 15th century, showcasing the legacy of the Surve rulers, the valor of Maratha warriors, and the evolving political landscape of Maharashtra. Covering an area of 5 acres, Prachitgad is a marvel hidden amidst dense forests and rugged terrain.
Location
Prachitgad is located at 17°13′34″N 73°41′30″E, strategically positioned on the borders of Sangli, Kolhapur, Ratnagiri, and Satara districts. Despite being in Sangli district, it is more accessible from Shringarpur near Sangameshwar in Ratnagiri district.
Accessibility:
From Shringarpur: A 5 to 8-hour trek through steep climbs and treacherous terrain.
From Chandoli Dam: A challenging 14 to 15-hour walk through dense forest.
The nearest city is Sangameshwar, about 22 km away. The fort’s location makes it a thrilling destination for trekking enthusiasts and nature lovers.
Historical Significance
1. Origin and Early Construction
Prachitgad was built in 1404 by Rana Jakhuray Surve, a ruler of the Surve dynasty. The fort was later rebuilt by Rana Suryarao Surve during the 16th century, reflecting an amalgamation of architectural influences from the medieval period.
2. The Maratha Era
The fort gained prominence in the 1660s when it was captured by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, who repaired and fortified it as part of his efforts to secure the Western Ghats.
Battle of Prachitgad:
The fort was initially under the control of RaoRana Shurveer Suryarao (Suryaji) Surve, a Maratha noble who had a complex relationship with Shivaji.
In 1660, Tanaji Malusare, one of Shivaji’s most trusted commanders, led a daring assault on Prachitgad with a small force of 1,000 soldiers.
The fort fell due to the betrayal of Divan Shirke, who intoxicated the defending soldiers. Despite the circumstances, Shivaji respected the bravery of Suryarao Surve, who later relocated his capital to Sonawade near Shringarpur.
3. Decline and British Conquest
After the reign of Chhatrapati Sambhaji, the fort faded from historical prominence.
In 1817, it was captured by Chitursingh, the younger brother of the Raja of Satara.
On June 10, 1818, Prachitgad fell to the British East India Company, led by Colonel Cunningham. By 1862, the fort was abandoned and lay in ruins.
Architectural Highlights
1. Fort Design:The fort’s masonry reflects its medieval origins and the modifications made during Shivaji’s reign. The ruins still exude the grandeur of its historical significance.
2. Underground Pathways:The fort features hidden tunnels and pathways that hint at its strategic importance during wartime.
3. Scenic Views:Located in the Sahyadri ranges, the fort offers breathtaking views of the surrounding Chandoli National Park and the dense forest, making it a visual treat for visitors.
Trekking and Tourism
For adventure enthusiasts, Prachitgad offers a thrilling trekking experience through rugged terrains, dense forests, and serene natural beauty. However, the trek demands physical endurance and caution due to its challenging routes.
Best Time to Visit:The ideal time to explore Prachitgad is during the winter months (November to February), as the weather is pleasant and the forest is alive with vibrant flora and fauna.
Nearby Attractions:
Chandoli National Park
Shringarpur Village
Sangameshwar
Legacy
Although in ruins today, Prachitgad serves as a testament to the resilience and strategic brilliance of Maharashtra’s historical rulers. It stands as a silent witness to the bravery of warriors like Tanaji Malusare and the enduring spirit of the Surve dynasty. The fort’s rich past and natural beauty make it a hidden gem awaiting exploration by history enthusiasts and trekkers alike.
Conclusion
Prachitgad is not just a fort; it is a chapter of Maharashtra’s glorious history, blending tales of valor, betrayal, and resilience. Despite its challenging accessibility, it holds immense potential as a historical and trekking destination. By preserving its heritage and promoting sustainable tourism, we can ensure that Prachitgad continues to inspire and educate future generations.
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